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#define LCD_CONTROL 0x08
#define LCD_DISPLAY 0x04
#define LCD_CURSOR 0x02
#define LCD_BLINK 0x01
#define LCD_CURSOR_ON (LCD_CONTROL | LCD_DISPLAY | LCD_CURSOR | LCD_BLINK)
#define LCD_CURSOR_OFF (LCD_CONTROL | LCD_DISPLAY)
void cursor_on (void)
{
_lcd_ready();
_lcd_write_data (LCD_CURSOR_ON);
}
//
// **************************************************************************
// *
// * C U R S O R _ O F F
// *
// **************************************************************************
//
//
void cursor_off (void)
{
_lcd_ready();
_lcd_write_data (LCD_CURSOR_OFF);
}
#define Clock_20MHz
#define Baud_9600
#include "\Pics\c\16F877A.h" // device dependent interrupt definitions
#include "\Pics\c\int16CXX.H"
#pragma config|= 0x3F32 //HS Oscilator, Power-Up Timer, Write Protect Off
//Hardware port definitions
//=================================================
#define Serial_In_BB PORTA.2
#define Serial_Out_BB PORTA.1
#define RS PORTD.0
#define R_W PORTD.1
#define E PORTD.2
#define BL_Control PORTD.3
#define D4 PORTD.4
#define D5 PORTD.5
#define D6 PORTD.6
#define D7 PORTD.7
#define BUTTON1 PORTB.5
#define BUTTON2 PORTB.4
#define LED1 PORTB.2
#define LED2 PORTB.1
//=================================================
//Constant definitions
//=================================================
#define FALSE 0
#define TRUE 1
#define CLR_DISP 0b.0000.0001 //Clear display
#define CUR_HOME 0b.0000.0010 //Move cursor home and clear screen memory
#define CUR_RIGHT 0b.0001.0100 //Move cursor one to right
#define CUR_LEFT 0b.0001.0000 //Move cursor one to left
#define SCROLL_RIGHT 0b.0001.1100 //Scroll entire screen right one space
#define SCROLL_LEFT 0b.0001.1000 //Scroll entire screen left one space
#define DISP_ON 0b.0000.1100 //Turn visible LCD on
#define DISP_OFF 0b.0000.1000 //Turn visible LCD off
#define UNDERLINE_ON 0b.0000.1110 //Turn on underlined cursor
#define UNDERLINE_OFF 0b.0000.1100 //Turn off underlined cursor
#define BLINKCUR_ON 0b.0000.1101 //Turn on blinking box cursor
#define BLINKCUR_OFF 0b.0000.1100 //Turn off blinking box cursor
#define DUALCUR_ON 0b.0000.1111 //Turn on blinking box and underline cursor
#define DUALCUR_OFF 0b.0000.1100 //Turn off blinking box and underine cursor
#define SET_CURSOR 0b.1000.0000 //SET_CURSOR + X : Sets cursor position to X
#define ENTRY_INC 0b.0000.0110 //
#define DD_RAM_ADDR 0b.1000.0000 //
#define DD_RAM_ADDR2 0b.1100.0000 //
#define CG_RAM_ADDR 0b.0100.0000 //
//=================================================
//Global variable declarations
//=================================================
uns8 data_byte_in;
uns8 cursor_position;
uns8 LCD_Width;
uns8 LCD_Lines;
uns8 EL1, EL2;
uns8 CP1, CP2;
int16 number_of_presses;
//=================================================
//Interrupt Vectors
//=================================================
#pragma origin 4
interrupt serverX( void)
{
int_save_registers
//char sv_FSR = FSR; // save FSR if required
if(RCIF) //If we have received something from the computer store it in the RX_Array array
{
data_byte_in = RCREG;
//There is no clearing of the interrupt flag, it's done automatically
}
//FSR = sv_FSR; // restore FSR if saved
int_restore_registers
}
//=================================================
//Function declarations
//=================================================
void boot_up(void);
void delay_ms(uns16);
void init_lcd(void);
void send_char(uns8);
void send_cmd(uns8);
void send_string(const char* incoming_string);
void LCD_wait(void);
uns8 onboard_eeread(uns8 e_address);
void onboard_eewrite(uns8 e_data, uns8 e_address);
void putc(uns8 nate);
uns8 getc(void);
uns8 bin2Hex(char x);
void printf(const char *nate, int16 my_byte);
//=================================================
void main(void)
{
boot_up(); //Initialize PIC ports and LCD interface
while(1)
{
//Check to see if anything new has happened
if (data_byte_in != 0)
{
send_char(data_byte_in);
putc(data_byte_in);
data_byte_in = 0;
cursor_position++;
//When the cursor gets to the end of one line, it must
//advance to the next visual line
//===============================================================
if (cursor_position == EL1) //End of line 1
{
cursor_position = 64; //Beginning of line 2
send_cmd(CP2);
}
else if (cursor_position == EL2) //End of line 2
{
cursor_position = 0; //Return to line 1
send_cmd(CP1);
}
//===============================================================
}
if(BUTTON1 == 0) //If user presses button one, turn on or off the back light
{
LED1 = 1;
delay_ms(250); //Wait for user to get their finger off the button!
LED1 = 0;
send_cmd(CLR_DISP);
send_string("Button 1"); //Sends a string to the LCD
BL_Control ^= 1;
printf("\n\rYou pressed button number 1", 0); //Sends a string to the computer
}
if(BUTTON2 == 0)
{
LED2 = 1;
delay_ms(250); //Wait for user to get their finger off the button!
LED2 = 0;
send_cmd(CLR_DISP);
send_string("Button 2: "); //Sends a string to the LCD
//Reading and writing to the PIC's onboard EEPROM
//===============================================================
number_of_presses.high8 = onboard_eeread(0); //Read data from EEPROM position 0
number_of_presses.low8 = onboard_eeread(1);
number_of_presses++;
onboard_eewrite(number_of_presses.high8, 0); //Write data to EEPROM position 0
onboard_eewrite(number_of_presses.low8, 1);
//===============================================================
//This prints 16-bit decimal numbers to the LCD
//===============================================================
int16 number_to_print;
number_to_print = number_of_presses;
uns8 m, temp;
uns8 decimal_output[5];
//Divide number by a series of 10s
for(m = 4 ; number_to_print > 0 ; m--)
{
temp = number_to_print % (uns16)10;
decimal_output[m] = temp;
number_to_print = number_to_print / (uns16)10;
}
printf("\n\rYou pressed button number 2 ", 0); //Sends a string to the computer
for(m++ ; m < 5 ; m++)
{
putc(bin2Hex(decimal_output[m]));
send_char(bin2Hex(decimal_output[m]));
}
printf(" times", 0);
//===============================================================
}
}//End infinite loop
}//End Main
//Initializes the various ports and interrupts
//Also inits the LCD
void boot_up(void)
{
//Setup Ports
PORTA = 0b.0000.0000;
TRISA = 0b.0000.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input
PORTB = 0b.0000.0000;
TRISB = 0b.0011.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input (RB5 = Button1) (RB4 = Button2)
PORTC = 0b.0000.0000;
TRISC = 0b.1000.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input (RC7 = UART RX)
PORTD = 0b.0000.0000;
TRISD = 0b.0000.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input
//Sets up the UART for serial comm
//=============================================================
SPBRG = 129; //20MHz for 9600 inital communication baud rate
//SPBRG = 25; //4MHz for 9600 inital communication baud rate - Not yet tested
TXSTA = 0b.0010.0100; //8-bit asych mode, high speed uart enabled
RCSTA = 0b.1001.0000; //Serial port enable, 8-bit asych continous receive mode
//=============================================================
//Init LCD
init_lcd();
//Setup interrupts for incoming RX
data_byte_in = 0;
RCIE = 1; //Enable the UART RX interrupt
PEIE = 1; //Enable Peripheral Ints
GIE = 1;
}
//Initializes the 4-bit parallel interface to the HD44780
void init_lcd(void)
{
RS = 0;
R_W = 0;
//Tell the LCD we are using 4bit data communication
delay_ms(750);
PORTD = 0b.0011.0000;
E = 1; E = 0;
delay_ms(200);
PORTD = 0b.0011.0000;
E = 1; E = 0;
delay_ms(200);
PORTD = 0b.0011.0000;
E = 1; E = 0;
delay_ms(20);
PORTD = 0b.0010.0000;
E = 1; E = 0;
send_cmd(DISP_ON);
send_cmd(CLR_DISP);
//LCD Init Complete
send_string(" SparkFun.com");
send_cmd(SET_CURSOR + 64);
send_string(" MT-USB Example");
//Retrieve last Backlight state
/*
Backlight_Setting = onboard_eeread(0);
if (Backlight_Setting > 1) Backlight_Setting = 1; //Default
onboard_eewrite(Backlight_Setting, 0); //Record to spot 0
BL_Control = Backlight_Setting; //Turn on/off the backlight
*/
BL_Control = 1; //Turn on Backlight
LCD_Lines = 2;
LCD_Width = 16;
//Set end lines
EL1 = LCD_Width;
EL2 = 64 + LCD_Width;
//Set cursor positions
CP1 = 0b.1000.0000 | 0;
CP2 = 0b.1000.0000 | 64;
delay_ms(750);
send_cmd(CLR_DISP);
cursor_position = 0;
}
//Checks the busy flag and waits until LCD is ready for next command
void LCD_wait(void)
{
bit i = 1;
TRISD = 0b.1111.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input
R_W = 1; //Tell LCD to output status
RS = 0;
while(i == 1)
{
E = 1;
i = D7; //Read data bit 7 - Busy Flag
E = 0;
E = 1; E = 0; //Toggle E to get the second four bits of the status byte - but we don't care
}
TRISD = 0b.0000.0000; //0 = Output, 1 = Input
}
//Sends an ASCII character to the LCD
void send_char(uns8 c)
{
LCD_wait();
R_W = 0; //set LCD to write
RS = 1; //set LCD to data mode
PORTD.7 = c.7;
PORTD.6 = c.6;
PORTD.5 = c.5;
PORTD.4 = c.4;
E = 1; E = 0; //Toggle the Enable Pin
PORTD.7 = c.3;
PORTD.6 = c.2;
PORTD.5 = c.1;
PORTD.4 = c.0;
E = 1; E = 0;
}
//Sends an LCD command
void send_cmd(uns8 d)
{
LCD_wait();
R_W = 0; //set LCD to write
PORTD.7 = d.7;
PORTD.6 = d.6;
PORTD.5 = d.5;
PORTD.4 = d.4;
E = 1; E = 0;
PORTD.7 = d.3;
PORTD.6 = d.2;
PORTD.5 = d.1;
PORTD.4 = d.0;
E = 1; E = 0;
}
//Sends a given string to the LCD. Will start printing from
//current cursor position.
void send_string(const char *incoming_string)
{
uns8 x;
for(x = 0 ; incoming_string[x] != '\0' ; x++)
send_char(incoming_string[x]);
}
//General short delay
void delay_ms(uns16 x)
{
uns8 y, z;
//Clocks out to 1.00ms per 1ms
//9.99 ms per 10ms
for ( ; x > 0 ; x--)
for ( y = 0 ; y < 4 ; y++)
for ( z = 0 ; z < 176 ; z++);
}
//Reads e_data from the onboard eeprom at e_address
uns8 onboard_eeread(uns8 e_address)
{
EEPGD = 0; //Read from EEPROM memory and not program memory
EEADR = e_address; //Set the address to read
RD = 1; //Read it
return(EEDATA); //Read that EEPROM value
}
//Write e_data to the onboard eeprom at e_address
void onboard_eewrite(uns8 e_data, uns8 e_address)
{
bit temp_GIE = GIE;
EEPGD = 0; //Read from EEPROM memory and not program memory
EEIF = 0; //Clear the write completion intr flag
EEADR = e_address; //Set the address
EEDATA = e_data; //Give it the data
WREN = 1; //Enable EE Writes
GIE = 0; //Disable Intrs
//Specific EEPROM write steps
EECON2 = 0x55;
EECON2 = 0xAA;
WR = 1;
//Specific EEPROM write steps
while(WR == 1); //Wait for write to complete
WREN = 0; //Disable EEPROM Writes
GIE = temp_GIE; //Set GIE to its original state
}
//The following are printf routines and UART control for sending serial characters and strings to the computer
//=============================================================
//Sends nate to the Transmit Register
void putc(uns8 nate)
{
while(TXIF == 0);
TXREG = nate;
}
uns8 getc(void)
{
while(RCIF == 0);
return (RCREG);
}
//Returns ASCII Decimal and Hex values
uns8 bin2Hex(char x)
{
skip(x);
#pragma return[16] = "0123456789ABCDEF"
}
//Prints a string including variables
void printf(const char *nate, int16 my_byte)
{
uns8 i, k, m, temp;
uns8 high_byte = 0, low_byte = 0;
uns8 y, z;
uns8 decimal_output[5];
for(i = 0 ; ; i++)
{
k = nate[i];
if (k == '\0')
break;
else if (k == '%') //Print var
{
i++;
k = nate[i];
if (k == '\0')
break;
else if (k == '\\') //Print special characters
{
i++;
k = nate[i];
putc(k);
} //End Special Characters
else if (k == 'b') //Print Binary
{
for( m = 0 ; m < 8 ; m++ )
{
if (my_byte.7 == 1) putc('1');
if (my_byte.7 == 0) putc('0');
if (m == 3) putc(' ');
my_byte = my_byte << 1;
}
} //End Binary
else if (k == 'd') //Print Decimal
{
//Print negative sign and take 2's compliment
/*
if(my_byte < 0)
{
putc('-');
my_byte ^= 0xFFFF;
my_byte++;
}
*/
if (my_byte == 0)
putc('0');
else
{
//Divide number by a series of 10s
for(m = 4 ; my_byte > 0 ; m--)
{
temp = my_byte % (uns16)10;
decimal_output[m] = temp;
my_byte = my_byte / (uns16)10;
}
for(m++ ; m < 5 ; m++)
putc(bin2Hex(decimal_output[m]));
}
} //End Decimal
else if (k == 'h') //Print Hex
{
//New trick 3-15-04
putc('0');
putc('x');
if(my_byte > 0x00FF)
{
putc(bin2Hex(my_byte.high8 >> 4));
putc(bin2Hex(my_byte.high8 & 0b.0000.1111));
}
putc(bin2Hex(my_byte.low8 >> 4));
putc(bin2Hex(my_byte.low8 & 0b.0000.1111));
} //End Hex
else if (k == 'f') //Print Float
{
putc('!');
} //End Float
else if (k == 'u') //Print Direct Character
{
//All ascii characters below 20 are special and screwy characters
//if(my_byte > 20)
putc(my_byte);
} //End Direct
} //End Special Chars
else
putc(k);
}
}
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